Abstract: To clarify the genetic regulation mechanism of wheat flour whiteness and screen excellent targets for molecular breeding, a total of 55 wheat varieties from the Huang-Huai winter wheat region of China were used as experimental materials. Flour whiteness and color parameters (L^*, a^* and b^*) were determined. Combined with allelic variation detections of four key color-related genes (TaPpo, TaPsy, TaZds and TaLox), an association analysis between genotypes and phenotypes was performed. The results showed that abundant variations in flour whiteness among the tested materials, with an average of 87.97, ranging from 86.92 to 89.09. The allelic variations of the four target genes were unevenly distributed with concentrated dominant genotypes. Among them, the haplotype frequency of TaZds-A1a reached 71.70%, and the low PPO activity combination TaPpo-A1b/TaPpo-D1a accounted for 30.61%. Three elite genotypes with high flour whiteness were screened via association analysis. TaPsy-A1b/TaPsy-B1b was the optimal genotype with high whiteness and stability. TaZds-A1a/TaZds-D1b served as a core marker for widely applicable high whiteness. TaLox-B1a represented extremely stable materials. This study validated the regulatory effects of core color-related genes and identified favorable allele combinations. These results can provide a theoretical basis and germplasm resources for molecular marker-assisted breeding and polygene pyramiding improvement of wheat flour whiteness.