Abstract: In order to address the issues of low planting efficiency and high labor intensity in tea seedling transplantation, which primarily relies on manual labor, a double-row chain-clamp type tea seedling transplanter was developed in accordance with agronomic requirements for tea seedling planting. Through theoretical analysis and structural design, key parameters of core components such as the seedling feeding device, row spacing control, furrow opener, and soil covering and compaction mechanisms were determined, and the overall machine structure was completed. The response surface method was employed to analyze operational parameters including seedling length, trenching depth and operating speed. The results showed that seedling length, trenching depth, and operating speed significantly affected the planting qualification rate(QR) and the coefficient of variation of planting depth(CV). The order of the single factors influence on the QR was operating speed>trenching depth>seedling length. For the CV, the order was operating speed>seedling length>trenching depth. Seedling length and operating speed had significant effects on the missed planting rate(MR), while trenching depth did not significantly affect the MR. The order of influence of single factors on the MR was operating speed>seedling length>trenching depth. After parameter optimization, when the seedling length was 270 mm, trenching depth was 68 mm, and operating speed was 0.14 m/s, the QR, MR and CV were 78.61%, 4.96% and 22.39%, respectively. This double-row chain-clamp type tea seedling transplanter can effectively complete tea seedling transplantation operations and provide a reference for subsequent optimization and improvement of the entire machine.