Abstract: By establishing an evaluation index system for digital rural construction, the entropy method was used to calculate the digital rural construction level of each province(autonomous region and municipality) in China in 2022. Combined with the 2022 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS), the Oprobit model was empirically tested to examine the well-being effect and influence mechanism of digital rural construction. The results show that digital village development can significantly improve the well-being levels of rural residents. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that digital village development has a more significant effect on improving the well-being of middle-aged and young rural residents and rural residents in non-eastern regions. Mechanism analysis revealed that digital rural development enhances rural residents' subjective well-being by increasing their per capita household income, while social capital amplifies the positive impact of digital rural development on rural residents' well-being.