Abstract: The F₂ and F_2:3 populations derived from high-yield and high-quality fragrant rice variety Wanxiangsimiao and northern high-yield japonica rice variety Shennong 9816 as experimental materials. We evaluated panicle traits including panicle length, number of grains per panicle, seed filling rate, thousand seeds weight, etc., and then conducted QTL mapping. The results showed that:（1） There were significant differences in the panicle traits of both parents. In the F₂ and F_2:3 populations, the panicle phenotypic traits of family lines showed obvious differences and exhibited bidirectional parental segregation, presenting an approximately normal distribution.（2） A total of 32 QTLs were identified on the chromosomes 1～3, 5, and 7～12, contributing 3.30% to 36.91% of the phenotypic variance. There were 12 main QTLs with a contribution rate exceeding 10.00%, and 10 QTLs were repeatedly identified in different environments in 2 years.（3） QTLs for panicle traits exhibited clustered distribution. Four QTL clusters qGNP2, qGNP5, qGNP8 and qGNP9, and then qGNP5 and qGNP9 contained multiple stable major QTLs. In this research, several main QTL clusters were identified, which can lay a foundation for the fine mapping and functional research of these QTL and provide new gene elements for molecular marker-assisted selection of high-yield rice varieties.