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不同农药减量复配对水稻病害防效、产量及经济效益的影响

Impact of Different Pesticide Reduction and Compounding on Rice Disease Control Effect, Yield and Economic Benefits

  • 摘要: 设置了清水对照(CK)、40%稻瘟灵EC(D100)、40%稻瘟灵EC减量20%复配20%春雷霉素WDG(D80C)、40%稻瘟灵EC减量20%复配3%氨基寡糖素AS(D80A)、140%稻瘟灵EC减量20%复配2%井冈霉素8亿个/g蜡质芽孢杆菌AS(D80J)共5个处理,通过连续2年田间试验,研究不同化学农药减量复配新型生物农药对汉中盆地水稻主要病害的田间防治效果,以及对水稻产量、产量构成要素和经济效益的影响。试验结果表明:各处理的水稻病害防效由高到低依次为D80C、D80A、D80J、D100、CK;其中D80C处理对稻瘟病的病穗防效和病指防效分别为89.56%和92.71%,对纹枯病的病株防效和病指防效分别为75.88%和83.04%,对稻曲病的病穗防效和病指防效分别为83.45%和85.35%; D80C、D80A处理的水稻籽粒产量显著高于其他处理,较CK分别增产15.80%和13.61%;经济效益方面,D80C处理水稻的净收益最高,较CK、D100处理分别提高17.76%和7.51%。相关性分析表明,水稻籽粒产量与稻瘟病防效、纹枯病防效、稻曲病防效均呈极显著正相关。因此,40%稻瘟灵EC减量20%复配20%春雷霉素WDG对水稻病害田间防效提升显著,该处理的水稻产量与经济效益提升明显,适宜在汉中水稻生产中推广应用。

     

    Abstract: A total of 5 treatments were set up in the experiment, including water control (CK), 40% rice distemper EC (D100), 40% reduction of EC from rice distemper by 20%+20% reduction of erythromycin WDG (D80C), 40% reduction of EC from rice distemper by 20%+3% reduction of amino oligosaccharides AS (D80A), and 140% reduction of rice distemper EC by 20%+2% Jinggangmycin · 800 million/g Bacillus cereus AS (D80J). The field control effects of different chemical pesticides reduced and compounded with new biopesticides on major rice diseases in Hanzhong Basin were studied through continuous 2-year field experiments, as well as their impacts on rice yield, composition factors, and economic benefits. The results showed that the order of high and low efficacy of rice disease control was D80C>D80A> D80J>D100>CK. The average efficacy of D80C against rice blast disease ears and fingers was 89.56% and 92.71%, respectively. The average efficacy of D80C against rice sheath blight ears and fingers was 75.88% and 83.04%, respectively. The average efficacy of D80C against rice false smut ears and fingers was 83.45% and 85.35%, respectively. The grain yield of rice treated with D80C and D80A was significantly higher than that of other treatments, with an average increase of 15.80% and 13.61% compared to CK, respectively. The economic efficiency of rice is highest at D80C, with an average increase of 17.76% and 7.51% in D80C compared to CK and D100 treatments, respectively. Correlation analysis shows that between rice grain yield is significantly positively correlated with the effectiveness of rice blast disease control, sheath blight control, and rice false smut control. In summary, the reduction of 40% rice distemper EC by 20% combined with 20% chloramphenicol WDG significantly improves the field control effect of rice diseases, increases rice yield and economic benefits, and is suitable for the application and promotion of disease reducing compound schemes on rice in Hanzhong.