Abstract: In order to clarify the physical and chemical characteristics and fertility level of typical tobacco-growing soils in Jiangxi Province, 17 nutrient indicators of 69 typical soil samples from 14 key tobacco-growing counties in the province were analyzed, and their suitability was evaluated. The results showed that: (1) pH value exhibited weak variability in the province, while other indicators showed moderate variability. (2) The physical and chemical properties of typical tobacco-growing soils in Jiangxi are mainly characterized by high nitrogen supply levels, weak buffering capacity for acidity and alkalinity, extremely low available boron content, moderate content of available potassium, available sulfur, and water-soluble chloride ions, and other indicators are at a rich or extremely rich level. (3) The principal component evaluation results show that soil fertility can be classified into three categories. Among them, the first type of ClassⅠ soil has high comprehensive fertility, with a comprehensive score of≥80, including 12 soil samples, accounting for 17.39% of the total samples. The comprehensive fertility of ClassⅡ soil is moderate, with a comprehensive score of 60~80, including 52 soil samples, accounting for 75.36% of the total samples. The comprehensive fertility of ClassⅢ soil is poor, with a comprehensive score＜60, including 5 soil samples, accounting for 7.25% of the total samples. In conclusion, Jiangxi tobacco-growing areas should strengthen soil microecological regulation, follow the overall fertilization concept of “controlling nitrogen, stabilizing potassium, supplementing boron, and increasing magnesium”, follow the principle of“ large formula, small adjustment”, and do a good job in balanced fertilization according to local conditions.