Abstract: As a globally significant cash crop, melon plays crucial roles in crop structure adjustment, land productivity enhancement, and promoting integrated development of three industries. However, with the continuous advancement of facility agriculture, melon cultivation faces increasing challenges from both biotic and abiotic stresses. Grafting technology, as an effective resistance improvement approach, has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in enhancing melon tolerance to various adversities including diseases/pests, drought, salinity, and temperature extremes. This review systematically examined recent research advances in melon grafting, encompassing rootstock varieties, stress resistance mechanisms of grafted seedlings to biological and abiotic stresses, and the influence of grafting techniques on the resistance, and summarized the application, existing problems and prospects of grafting techniques in the improvement of melon resistance.