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杧果冬季早花期内源激素的变化分析

Changes of Endogenous Hormones in Mango at Early Flowering Stage in Winter

  • 摘要: 为了明确杧果冬季早花期内源激素的变化规律,以5个不同杧果品种冬季早花期的花芽(花芽膨大,鳞片错开)、花蕾(花萼绽开,花瓣露出)和盛开花朵(全树50%的花开放)为材料,采用液相色谱串联质谱法分别测定其生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZT)和茉莉酸(JA) 5种内源激素的含量。结果表明: IAA、ABA和GA3这3种内源激素变化规律相同,均呈先升高后下降的趋势,在现蕾期达到最高; ABA和JA含量在整个采样时期维持在较高水平,而IAA、GA3和ZT含量则相对较低; ABA/IAA、ZT/GA3、ZT/IAA值的变化规律呈逐渐下降趋势,ABA/ZT、ABA/GA3值的变化规律呈先上升后下降的趋势。综上,ABA和JA对杧果冬季早花形成具有促进作用,IAA和GA3的积累有利于杧果花蕾的形成。较高的ABA/IAA、ZT/GA3、ZT/IAA值有利于杧果花芽分化,比值低则有利于开花,ABA/ZT、ABA/GA3值的提高可促进杧果花蕾的形成。研究结果可为杧果冬季花期管理及调控提供参考。

     

    Abstract: In order to investigate the change laws of endogenous hormones in mango during early flowering period in winter, the flower buds (flower buds expanded and scales staggered), buds (calyx blooming and petals exposed) and blooming flowers (50% of the flowers of the whole tree open) of 5 different mango varieties at early flowering stage in winter were used as materials. The contents of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3), zeatin (ZT) and jasmonic acid (JA) were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that the changing trends of IAA, ABA and GA3 were the same, and they all increased first and then decreased, reaching the highest at squaring stage. The contents of ABA and JA remained at a high level during the whole period, while the contents of IAA, GA3 and ZT were relatively low. There are differences in the ratio of each hormone, and the ratio of ABA/IAA, ZT/GA3 and ZT/IAA showed a decreasing trend. The ratio of ABA/ZT and ABA/ GA3 showed a trend of increasing at first and decreasing. In conclusion, ABA and JA can promote the early flowering of mango in winter, and the accumulation of IAA and GA3 is beneficial to the formation of buds. The high ratio of ABA/IAA, ZT/GA3 and ZT/ IAA is beneficial to the flower bud differentiation of mango, while the lower ratio is beneficial to flowering. The higher ratio of ABA/ZT and ABA/GA3 promotes the bud formation of mango. The results of this study can provide reference for the management and regulation of mango during flowering period in winter.