Abstract: This study collected a total of 60 soil samples from the main tobacco growing areas in southern Anhui (15 from urban tobacco stations, 15 from Huangdu tobacco stations, 15 from Wuhu tobacco stations, and 15 from Nanling tobacco stations), and evaluated the soil fertility status through fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The results showed that: (1) The coefficients of variation for soil bulk density, moisture content, electrical conductivity, capillary porosity, non capillary porosity, total porosity, organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium and pH value were 7.55%, 32.59%, 37.82%, 9.72%, 40.15%, 9.25%, 31.49%, 24.10%, 22.93%, 47.02%, 72.72%, 31.73%, 51.31% and 8.18%, and the weight coefficients were 0.05, 0.06, 0.08, 0.07, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.06, 0.09, 0.07, 0.09,0.07, 0.08 and 0.05, respectively. (2) In the comprehensive evaluation of tobacco-planting soil fertility in southern Anhui Province, the order of soil fertility index is Nanling tobacco station>Huangdu tobacco station>Wuhu tobacco station>urban tobacco station, and the dispersion degree of available phosphorus is the largest. In conclusion, It is suggested that the tobacco-planting region in southern Anhui province should adjust the fertilization strategy in the process of fertilization, and scientific and accurate fertilization should be carried out according to the soil conditions to adjust the content of total nitrogen, available phosphorus and organic carbon in the soil. In addition, when planning the tobacco-planting area, we should lean towards Nanling tobacco station.