Abstract: To enhance the survival rate of Odontobutis potamophila during breeding, production, operation and transportation at ambient temperature, this study conducted an anesthesia experiment using eugenol on Odontobutis potamophila specimens, and the mass concentrations of eugenol were established at 6, 8, 10 and 12 mg/L. Following an 8-hour experimental period, alterations in the liver and gill tissues of Odontobutis potamophila were examined. Additionally, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), along with variations in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, were assessed in both liver and gill tissues. The results showed that following an 8-hour period, Odontobutis potamophila in each experimental group experienced a full anesthesia and recovery cycle, with a 100% survival rate. Histological examination revealed no significant damage to the liver or gill tissue structures. Following an 8-hour testing period, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the liver and gill tissues were significantly elevated compared to the control group (P＜0.05). In contrast, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content did not differ significantly from the control group. Empirical studies have demonstrated that the application of eugenol during the transportation of Odontobutis potamophila induces an oxidative stress response within the body, without inflicting cellular damage. Consequently, eugenol, when administered at an optimal concentration, can serve as an effective anesthetic for Odontobutis potamophila during the transportation.