Abstract: On the basis of the new development philosophy and the meaning of high-quality development of agriculture,the evaluation system of high-quality development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone was constructed, and the entropy method was used to measure the high-quality development level of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Zone from 2013 to 2022. The spatial correlation and regional differences of the 11 provinces and cities were measured by combining the Moran’s index with the Gini coefficient method. The results show that the level of high-quality development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone is not high, but it generally fluctuates and rises. The openness and innovation indexes are higher among the five dimensions, and the speed of development is the fastest. The level of high-quality development of agriculture in the provinces and cities exhibits a significant positive spatial correlation, and gradually presents a pattern dominated by the high level and the phenomenon of agglomeration, but the interactive correlation among the provinces and cities is not high. The regional differences are the primary difference sources of the high-quality development of agriculture in the Yangtze River Economic Zone. Based on the results of this analysis, it is propose to strengthen agricultural scientific and technological innovation and research and development, enhance foreign cooperation and exchanges, formulate differentiated policies according to local conditions, and strengthen the ability of regional radiation.