Abstract: Based on panel data from 30 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） in China from 2013 to 2022,this study empirically analyzes the impact of digital infrastructure on farmers’ income growth and its mechanism by fixed-effect model, mediation-effect model and threshold-effect model. The results show that digital infrastructure significantly promotes farmers’ income growth, and this promotion exhibits long-term effects. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the promotional effect of digital infrastructure on farmers’ income growth is more pronounced in the regions with higher levels of financial development and human capital. Mechanism analysis shows that digital infrastructure facilitates farmers’ income growth by expanding the scale of non-agricultural employment and enhancing farmers’ entrepreneurial activity. Threshold analysis suggests that the impact of digital infrastructure on farmers’ income growth is nonlinear.